CKQ +ch+19-22+Christina

p.51-52 //"...a negro stretched out on the ground, with no more than half of his clothes left...the poor man had no left leg and no right hand....'And was it Monsieur Vanderdendur," said Candide, 'who treated you like this?' - 'Yes, Monsieur," said the negro, "...this is our only clothing. When we work in the sugar-mills and get a finger caught in the machinery, they cut off the hand; but if we try to run away, they cut off a leg: I have found myself in both situations...Dogs, monkeys and parrots are a thousand times less miserable than we are"// This scene depicts a negro who was treated horribly by a white man. The Monsieur did not treat the negro as a human, but as a being even less than an animal. The negro, because of his skin color, was forced to follow the white man's orders and become a slave. When the negro could not successfully carry out the orders, the Monsieur had the negro tortured by cutting off body parts. This section clearly shows that the world Candide lives in is not the best of all possible worlds, and even Candide changes his mind about Optimism when he sees the negro.

p. 54 //"The sheep were loaded on board...The skipper sees his opportunity, sets his sail and weighs anchor with a following wind; Candide helpless and quite dumbfounded, immediately loses sight of him...He returns to shore, plunged in misery, having just lost what would have made the fortunes of twenty monarchs...The magistrate begins by fining him ten thousand piastres for the noise he has made...and charges him a further ten thousand piastres for the costs of the hearing...the cold-bloodedness of the magistrate, and the captain who had robbed him, raised his spleen, and plunged him into the blackest melancholy.// This scene shows how avarice can lead to wickedness of men. The captain stole Candide's two sheep, which were loaded with an enormous amount of money. The magistrate also charges Candide a total of twenty thousand piastres just for disturbing the magistrate and making the magistrate listen to his story. Candide, who suddenly lost most of his whole fortune, plunges into a despair.

p. 55 //"...a poor scholar who had worked ten years for the publishing houses of Amsterdam, taking the view that there was no occupation in the world which could more disgust a man...had been robbed by his wife, beaten by his son, and deserted by his daughter, who had eloped with a Portuguese. He had just been done out of a small sinecure on which he subsisted; and the preachers of Surinam were persecuting him because they had decided he was a Socinian."// This section describes what Martin underwent throughout his life. Martin had an undesirable occupation for ten years, and was extremely mistreated by his own family members. He was even persecuted because he was misunderstood as a Socinian. He was wretched until the point where he became a Macnichean. (p.56) His experience certainly shows that the world he lives in is not the best of all possible worlds.